Up to 1991, agriculture in Turkmenistan (then the Turkmen SSR), as in all other Soviet republics, was organized in a dual system, in which large-scale collective- and state farms coexisted in a symbiotic relationship with quasi-private individual farming on subsidiary household plots. The process of transition to a market. .
Agriculture in Turkmenistan is a significant sector of the , in 2019 contributing 11.7% of the and employing 40% of the workforce. However, only 4% of total land area is cultivated. Because of the arid. .
According to official statistics, crop output in Turkmenistan from 2017 to 2019 was as follows: In 2018 Turkmenistan reported production of (34 thousand tons), (33 thousand tons) and (29 thousand tons). .
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